The level of providing the population with livestock products at the expense of their own production largely depends on the development of grain production, which is an important strategic component of the country's food security. Achieving this goal is possible only with the stable functioning of the entire agricultural sector, the main direction of which is to increase the volume of grain production and increase the economic efficiency of its organization and management. Grain farming is the basis of agricultural production, which has a decisive influence on the development of all its branches. In connection with the above, the analysis of the state of grain production in the Russian Federation in the conditions of transition to export-oriented production becomes relevant. In this connection, the analysis of the sown areas of grain and leguminous crops in farms of all categories, in the context of the main categories of farms of the Russian Federation, was carried out. In addition, a study of the yield of grain and leguminous crops in the context of the main categories of farms of the Russian Federation was conducted, all this allowed us to state that the intensive development of grain production for the period from 2016 to 2020. it became possible due to a change in the structure of sown areas, an increase in the yield of grain and leguminous crops. Thus, in the main category of grain producers, the gross harvest increased by 8.1 %, amounting to 93.2 thousand tons. in peasant (farm) farms, the volume of grain production increased by 17.7 % or from 33.47 to 39.41 million tons. In the households of the population, the gross grain harvest was distinguished by a downward trend – from 1023 thousand tons to 858 thousand tons, or by 16.1 % compared to the level of the base year

Agriculture is one of the most important sectors of national policy, contributing to the formation of the market for consumer goods made from agricultural raw materials by more than 70% in the country. In the context of globalization, the problem of survival facing humanity is due to the aggravation of a number of global problems, including the problem of agricultural production. Human capital is a certain stock of health, knowledge, skills, abilities, motivations, formed as a result of investments and accumulated by a specific person, which are expediently used in a particular sphere of social reproduction, providing the village with specialists and personnel. The article examines the presence of economic problems in the village, security, level of professional education, age structure, labor resources, managers and specialists. The introduction of new training methods, IT technology, artificial intelligence, the development of new areas for the development of digital technology

Russia’s accession to the WTO implies the emergence of fundamentally new economic conditions of functioning of the agrarian sector of the economy. At the same time a particular importance were obtained the problems of ensuring high competitiveness of domestic agricultural products and the preservation of the country’s food security. In the current challenging economic environment, despite a lot of objective and subjective reasons, the domestic food products must be price competitive, adequate for consumers. The entities of agribusiness is necessary to retain our market niche, the maximum filling capacity of the domestic market of food. The capacity of the domestic food market today is huge in almost all positions. The level of consumption of basic food for most types of lower medical nutritional standards.

The existing threats and risks in connection with Russia’s WTO accession necessitated the development of tools, aimed to protect troubled industries of agriculture and to ensure the development of a competitive agricultural sector of Russia. Therefore, an improvement of the system and mechanisms of state regulation of agriculture development of the Russian regions and the country as a whole becomes highly urgent.

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