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The global digitalization of the economy has led to the transformation of labor market requirements. The European Union, the USA and Russia have responded to these changes by adopting training programs and initiatives with new digital skills. The formal education system demonstrates a lag behind new labor market requirements. The authors conducted a study to identify problem areas in teaching information and communication technologies to university students. The problem areas of educational programs turned out to be programming, working with open software, the principles of ICT functioning.

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The article highlights the necessity for restructuring sanatorium complex, indicates a need for the development and implementation of the state program of restructuring the network of companies of the sanatorium complex as an instrument of state influence, and reveals the specificity of services provided by enterprises belonging to the sanatorium-resort complex. The authors examine the elements of the sanatorium complex. Its main components are the enterprises, the activities of which are directly determined by the specifics of sanatorium services and have less to do with the treatment, but with the preservation of health. Sanatorium services are not essential services, so the demand for them is determined by social and psycho-physiological factors. No less a significant element of the sanatorium complex controls are different levels. Resort business in Russia has historically been considered an object of state social policy, which is why the activities of management in view of the prevailing conditions in fact aimed at ensuring its development. In this regard, management of the sanatorium complex on the part of public authorities is using such methods and forms, as program-oriented planning; achieving stability of the tax system; establishment of a regime of tax allowances for companies in this sector; government contracts; coordination of the activities of companies in the health resort; management of state property; prioritization of structural policy; antitrust regulation; provision of information services based on the introduction of new information technologies; licensing; certification; state supervision. The article analyzes the differences in concepts such as "restructuring" and "reform"; and also addresses issues of reforming the enterprises of a service that involves a restructuring, and the factors that determine the need for restructuring the sanatorium complex, as well as for identifying deficiencies in operational planning and management in terms of restructuring. The authors note the need for the development and implementation of the conceptual foundations of respect for the health at the state level.

Work associated with low wages, close to the minimum level, creates prerequisites for inequality and the release of a much larger number of employees from the intra-company labor market than for people with competitive earnings. The position is substantiated, according to which the restraint of wage growth is due to the method of achieving economic efficiency and the lack of social justice based on the use of cheap labor, the weakness of the local labor market and the low level of bargaining power, which is characterized by the effect of snobbery. The authors point out that trade unions, as active participants in the social dialogue, do not exert proper influence on political processes in order to establish optimal and reasonable minimum wage rates. The analysis showed that in extremely uncompetitive labor markets, where there are usually low wages, prerequisites for income inequality are formed and minimum wage legislation could help provide a certain compensatory force in support of unorganized workers, as well as achieving social justice. It is proved that employers do not make decisions about hiring in a vacuum, and institutional and political frameworks can play an important role in influencing the formation of demand for labor. In addition, the national minimum wage has not been sufficiently revised and adjusted in recent years, taking into account economic development, institutional and political factors, and may become a "permanent rate" for many low-paid jobs in the absence of collective bargaining and limit the growth of real earnings. The study shows that the minimum wage has the potential to destroy jobs for low-skilled workers and creates an institutional environment of "winners" and "losers" despite the fact that most of the workforce has access only to poor and low-paid jobs, which are characteristic of the Russian model of the labor market with a high level of employment. It is recommended to create effective jobs in the economy based on the institutionalization of education and the growth of professional and qualification growth.