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In this paper, a complete investigation and 2D simulation of electrical crosstalk in a setup with three neighboring pinned photodiode complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor pixels are performed. Electrical crosstalk characterization as a function of pixel size and epitaxial layer doping concentration is presented. The simulation results in constant epitaxial layer doping concentration show that the ratio of external quantum efficiency to electrical crosstalk is linear with respect to pixel size. In the pixel size of 3.7 µm, the turning point in the correlation trend between external quantum efficiency and electrical crosstalk from a small pixel size to a large one occurs. In addition, the simulation results show the optimal values of external quantum efficiency and electrical crosstalk occurs at 1 × 1 0 14 ( c m − 3 ) in a constant pixel size. Moreover, the ratio of external quantum efficiency to the electrical crosstalk decreases linearly with respect to the epitaxial layer doping considering above 1 × 1 0 14 ( c m − 3 ).

We investigate the effects of coherent and partially coherent sources in optical modeling of organic solar cells. Two different organic solar cells are investigated: one without substrate and the other with a millimeter-sized glass substrate. The coherent light absorption is calculated with rigorous coupled-wave analysis. The result of this method is convolved with a distribution function to calculate the partially coherent light absorption. We propose a new formulation to accurately model sunlight as a set of partially coherent sources. In the structure with glass substrate, the accurate sunlight modeling results in the elimination of coherent effects in the thick substrate, but the coherency in other layers is not affected. Using partially coherent sources instead of coherent sources for simulations with sunlight results in a smoother absorption spectrum, but the change in the absorption efficiency is negligible.