Purpose of the study: This study aims to provide a proposed model for intellectual property as a waqf asset with the perspective of legal substance and legal structure. Methodology: This study was conducted by examining various regulations in the field of waqf. In-depth Interviews with the Indonesian Waqf Board and D.G.I.P. are used to identify obstacles to the implementation of I.P.R. Waqf. The data obtained were analyzed using a qualitative approach and presented in the descriptive form. Main Findings: The results show that B.W.I., P.P.A.I.W., Appraisal, and Commercial Court play an important role in establishing a legal structure for the implementation of I.P.R. waqf. P.P.P.A.I.W. directly pertains to success in the administration of I.P.R. waqf. B.W.I., as a Nazir advisor, is needed in the socialization and enhancement of Nazir competencies, especially Intellectual Property Rights. Commercial Court, as a judicial institution that has the authority to provide the determination, can be involved in the process of implementing I.P.R. waqf. Meanwhile, to find out the economic value of I.P.R., an appraisal can also be involved. Applications of this study: This study is useful for the Indonesian Government to make implementing regulations regarding Waqf with I.P.R. assets.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam pemberian mut’ah dan nafkah iddah dalam perkara cerai gugat dan bagaimana pelaksanaan isi putusan atas pemberian mut’ah dan nafkah iddah dalam perkara cerai gugat. Metode penelitian pustaka (library research) dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan yuridis normatif yaitu penelitian hukum yang dilakukan dengan cara meneliti bahan pustaka atau data sekunder. Teknik pengelolahan data yang digunakan yaitu teknik analisis data deskriptif normatif, dan penarikan kesimpulan dilakukan secara deduktif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa: 1) Pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam pemberian mut’ah dan nafkah iddah dalam perkara cerai gugat nomor 0076/Pdt.G/2017/PA.Mgl yaitu mendasarkan pada Pasal 41 huruf (c) UU Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 jo Pasal 149 huruf (a) dan (b) KHI serta Yurisprudensi Mahkamah Nomor 137 K/AG/2007 tanggal 6 Februari 2008 dan Nomor 02 K/AG/2002 tanggal 6 Desember 2003. Putusan tersebut menyimpangi ketentuan Pasal 149 KHI, namun demikian pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam perkara tersebut mengandung terobosan hukum dengan metode penemuan hukum dan berpedoman pada Pasal 10 ayat (1) dan Pasal 5 ayat (1) UU Nomor 48 Tahun 2009 tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman dalam memberikan putusan berkaitan dengan nusyuz, sehingga meskipun perceraian diajukan oleh isteri (cerai gugat) tetapi isteri tidak terbukti nusyuz maka secara ex officio suami dapat dihukum untuk memberikan nafkah iddah kepada bekas isterinya. Putusan hakim tersebut mengakodomasi pendapat madzhab Hanafi. Penerapan hak ex officio hakim tersebut juga menyimpangi ketentuan Pasal 178 ayat (3) HIR/ Pasal 189 ayat (3) RBG yang menyatakan bahwa hakim dilarang menjatuhkan keputusan atas perkara yang tidak dituntut, atau memberikan  lebih daripada yang dituntut, namun demikian putusan tersebut tidak melanggar asas ultra petita.  2) Pelaksanaan isi putusan perkara nomor 0076/Pdt.G/2017/PA.Mgl adalah secara sukarela di luar persidangan, apabila tergugat tidak melaksanakan isi putusan secara sukarela maka penggugat dapat mengajukan permohonan eksekusi terhadap putusan tersebut dengan mengajukan permohonan eksekusi sejumlah uang. Kelemahan putusan ini yaitu tidak ada instrumen yang dapat memaksa tergugat untuk membayar mut’ah dan nafkah iddah yang telah diputuskan sebagaimana pada perkara cerai talak, instrumen pelaksanaan putusan dalam cerai talak dapat dilaksanakan melalui sidang ikrar talak.

The purpose of this study is to review the rights of workers to obtain protection, including informal workers, as mandated in Article 3 paragraph (2) of Law Number 32 of 1992 concerning Labor Social Security that every worker has the right to social security of workers. The hazard risk from the work environment owned by informal workers is the same as that of formal workers. So far, the occupational health services provided are still curative, while health care and improvement efforts to improve work and preventive capacity are always neglected. This study uses a juridical empirical research method with a descriptive approach; data collection is done through questionnaires. The research sample includes workers in the home or micro industries both in the Regency and in the City of Magelang. Samples are collected using a nonprobability sampling method, then analyzed using qualitative analysis with inductive methods. Based on the results of the study, the understanding of the SJSN by both employers and informal sector workers is insufficient, but the majority of respondents have a desire to join the SJSN program, with the priority of health insurance and work accident insurance programs. The ability and willingness to become a BPJS participant are influenced by the level of income, and level of education. Current informal sector workers have not been covered by guaranteed protection, both BPJS Kesehatan, and BPJS. The main factor is the non-participation of casual workers in the guarantee of protection due to financial inability to pay contributions. Besides that, it was also because of his ignorance, even though it was not significant. This is due to a lack of socialization from stakeholders regarding the importance of health and safety guarantees and protection for workers and their families in addition to regulations that also do not accommodate informal workers.