Objectives Antioxidants protect people from diabetes and its cardiovascular complication. Purified gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) is a potential medicinal plant for treating this condition based on the antioxidant activity of its catechin compound. This study tries to reveal the potential activity of purified gambir as a blood pressure-lowering drug while lowering blood glucose in diabetic hypertensive rats induced by oral NaCl-Prednisone and Alloxan. Methods Rats were induced by oral NaCl 0.8% and Prednisone 5 mg/kg BW for 14 days to obtain hypertensive condition. Alloxan 125 mg/kg BW was given intra peritoneal injection on the 8th day to obtain diabetic hypertensive condition. The animal was divided into five groups, normal control group treated with vehicle, treatment groups were treated with purified gambir at dose of 2.5; 5 and 10 mg/kg BW respectively, while the positive control group were treated with a combination of captopril-glibenclamide at dose of 2.25 and 0.45 mg/kg BW. All animals were treated orally for 14 days. Fasting blood glucose and cardiovascular parameters (SBP, DBP, MAP, HR, BF and BV) were measured on days 1, 3, 7, and 14. NO level were measured on day 0 and day 14. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test. Results The purified gambir has blood pressure and blood sugar-lowering activity (p<0.05). The NO levels of the treatment group also increased significantly (p<0.05). Conclusions This study indicated that purified gambir could be an alternative medicine to manage blood glucose and blood pressure in the diabetic hypertensive model.

Diabetes merupakan sindrom yang disebabkan oleh kekurangan insulin secara relative dan atau absolut. Diabetes mellitus tipe 2 lebih disebabkan oleh kerusakan sekresi insulin dan resistensi insulin daripada defisiensi insulin. Diabetes mellitus komplikasi nefropati dapat memicu kegagalan fungsi ginjal. Pengobatan yang rasional mengharuskan pasien diabetes mellitus (DM) tipe 2 komplikasi nefropati (ND) untuk mendapatkan pengobatan yang sesuai dengan keadaan dan kondisi pasien yang mana dapat dipantau dengan indikator 4T+1W. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kerasionalan penggunaan obat antidiabetes pada pasien DM tipe 2 komplikasi ND rawat inap RSUP DR.M.Djamil padang. Studi prospektif dengan metode cross sectional menggunakan data rekam medis dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dari 32 pasien, yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi hanya 20 pasien (62%). Pembagian pasien berdasarkan jenis kelamin mendapati 13 pasien (56%) pasien wanita lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan pasien pria hanya 6 pasien (44%) dan rentang umur yang paling banyak menderita penyakit tersebut adalah lansia akhir dengan 8 pasien (40%) serta tingkat pendidikan pasien yang banyak adalah sekolah menengah atas (SMA) yaitu 12 pasien (60%). Hasil evaluasi penggunaan obat antidiabetes dan antihipertensi pada rumah sakit tersebut mendapati 100% tepat indikasi, tepat obat, tepat pasien dan telah waspada terhadap efek samping. Sedangkan kajian ketepatan dosis terhadap obat antidiabetes dan antihipertensi sebesar 57% dan 90%. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan adanya ketidaktepatan regimen dosis.

Averrhoa bilimbi L. is used widely as spices and traditional medicine, which contained several chemical compounds such as alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, and tannin. The aim of this study is to discover the best dose of ethyl acetate fraction from A.bilimbi leaves, which have pharmacology activity on total cholesterol and triglycerides in the hypercholesterolemic model. Thirty adult male white mice were divided into six groups; each group was containing five animals. Five groups were given high-fat diet foods and PTU induced the animals to obtain hypercholesterolemia with a frequency of 1 time a day orally for 14 days, while the normal group was given vehicle (Na CMC 5%) and standard feed. On the 15 th day, the normal group was given vehicle (Na CMC 5%), negative control group was given highfat feed, a positive control group was given atorvastatin dose 0.26 mg/kg BW, and another group was given ethyl acetate fraction of A.bilimbi leaves dose 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg BW orally. All animals were treated until the 28 th day. On day 29, the blood were taken to determine the total cholesterol andtriglyceride levels using clinical photometer 5010 v5+. The data were statistically analyzed using a one-way ANOVA followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test.. This study indicates that administration of ethyl acetate fraction from A.bilimbi leaves can affect the total cholesterol levels and triglycerides in hypercholesterolemic mice (P<0.05). Ethyl acetate fraction dose 200 mg/kg BW shows the best activity in decreasing total cholesterol levels and triglycerides on mice hypercholesterolemic model (P<0.05).

Kondisi preeklampsia dapat berkembang menjadi eklampsia yang beresiko meningkatkan angka kematian bagi ibu dan janin. Obat antihipertensi dapat digunakan untuk pengobatan preeklampsia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan obat antihipertensi terhadap nilai tekanan darah dan proteinuria pasien didiagnosis preeklampsia berat. Metode yang digunakan adalah retrospektif cross-sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui rekam medis dari Januari sampai Desember 2021. Data disajikan dalam 76 pasien memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 19 pasien (23%) menggunakan monoterapi antihipertensi metildopa atau nifedipin, 30 pasien (39,47%) menggunakan kombinasi metildopa dan nifedipin, dan empat pasien (5,26%) menggunakan kombinasi metildopa, nifedipin dan furosemide. Rata-rata penurunan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik (TDS/TDD) paling besar yaitu 85,25 mmHg dan 29,5 mmHg. Sedangkan rata-rata penurunan nilai proteinuria paling besar yaitu 2. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut diketahui bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan penggunaan obat antihipertensi terhadap TDS (p=0,000), TDD (p=0,000), dan nilai proteinuria (p=0,002). Penurunan nilai tekanan darah dan proteinuria lebih efektif terjadi pada terapi kombinasi dibandingkan dengan monoterapi.

Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by decreased quality and strength of bones so that it becomes porous and fracture. Propolis is known to have many pharmacological activity, including an anti-osteoporosis effect. This study aims to determine the effect of propolis administration and the effects of propolis dosage variation in preventing osteoporosis based on the strength value of femur bone impact in female white rats in the form of an ovariectomy postmenopausal model. The rats were divided into 5 groups: positive control group (subjected to ovariectomy), negative control group (not subjected to ovariectomy, and treatment groups that were subjected to ovariectomy and given propolis at a dose of 180 mg/kg BW, dose 360 mg/kg BW and dose 720 mg/kg BW. Propolis was administered orally for 30 days. Bone impact strength testing was undertaken after 30 days using an impact testing machine. Research data were analyzed via one-way ANOVA and continued with the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. From the test results, we noted that propolis administration had an effect on the value of bone strength, with the dose of 720 mg/kg BW and 360 mg/kg BW having a significant effect, compared with others. With an increase in dose, propolis can provide an increase in the value of bone strength in rat bones.