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In instructional interactions, a lecturer should be able to build harmony in a conducive classroom atmosphere in order that a learning objective can be attained. This study aims to describe recounting as the realization of Brown and Levinson's positive politeness strategies in instructional interactions in the classroom. The subjects of this study were six lecturers from the Satya Wacana Christian University Salatiga. The research data were in the form of lecturer utterances when lecturing. The data were collected using the participant observation, records methods and fieldnotes, in addition, interviews were held with the lecturers being investigated. The data analysis was performed using descriptive techniques following the Miles and Huberman flow model. Based on the results of data analysis, it revealed that the recounts employed included ones about lecturers, students, lecturers' experiences, and public figures/attitudes of public figures. These findings can be used to strengthen and revise the positive politeness sub-strategies of Brown and Levinson (1987). In addition to functioning to forge a close relationship with interactants, the recounting strategy also serves to instill character values and to motivate. students to be more disciplined, and to optimize their own potential of becoming creative students. The use of recount as a positive politeness substrategy has contributed to efforts to create humanistic-based learning.

This study will examine the effect of pedagogic competence, professional competence, and teacher social competence on social studies learning achievement. The population in this study were all Class IX students of SMP (Junior High School) in the district Kasihan, Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Regency, for the 2021/2022 Academic Year. The sample used in this study found 90 students. The sampling technique used purposive random sampling. Methods of data collection using questionnaires and documentation. The collect data by conducting observations, questionnaires and documentation, valid quantitative data obtained by validating items. The data analysis technique used simple regression analysis and multiple linear regression. Based this researchfor the academic year the results showed that1) pedagogic competence has a positive effect on students' social studies learning achievement (p = 0.000); 2) personality competence has a positive effect on students' social studies learning achievement (p = 0.000); 3) professional competence has a positive effect on students' social studies learning achievement (p = 0.000); 4) teacher's social competence has a positive effect on students' social studies learning achievement (p = 0.000); 5) pedagogic competence, personality competence, professional competence, social competence of teachers together have a positive effect on students' social studies learning achievement (p = 0.000).

This research was conducted to develop a TPACK-based module (Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge) to support the development of students' concept knowledge in PPKn (Pancasila and civic education) online learning for grade 7th. The development of the module adopts the steps of the ADDIE model. To test the feasibility level of the module, material experts, learning design experts, teachers and students as users of the product were tested. To measure effectiveness of TPACK module to develop students' concept knowledge, paired t-test is adopted. The results of data analysis show that the learning module developed has a very high level of feasibility, namely according to material experts 95.8%, learning design experts 82.4%, teachers 97.2%, students in individual trials 90.8%, small group validation 92.6% and field validation 88.1%.

This study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of the policy implementation of disaster mitigation on mount Semeru in the district of Lumajang, East Java Province, Indonesia. It uses case study approach. The results of interviews with a number of key informant persons lead us to conclude that the policy implementation of disaster mitigation of mount Semeru is still not effective and less optimal. Many factors are identified as the causes, amongst other include network conditions and communication, slow and lack of government response, small funding allocation and realization, lack of coordination between the Government and the parties in Lumajang, low of stakeholders' participation, and weak of the Regional Representatives Council role to control the regent's performance in governance implementation. Serious efforts need to be in place in order to make the disaster management is warranted and secured.