One of the sectors affected by the coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic is small business. Its existence, which is essential in supporting the regional economy, is getting worse and requires more efforts to be able to survive during this pandemic. From the demand side, mainly consumption and purchasing power, its performance has decreased, thus disrupting the production process and business success. The role of entrepreneurs is needed to be able to achieve business success. This study aims to examine the role of business ability as a mediating variable on the effect of entrepreneur characteristics on business success. The population of this study is small snack entrepreneurs in Purworejo Regency. Sampling using purposive sampling technique with a total of 100 respondents. This study used a survey method to collect data with the help of a questionnaire. Furthermore, the data is processed using the Hierarchical Regression Analysis method. The results of the study show that the characteristics of entrepreneurs and business abilities partially influence business success. Characteristics of entrepreneurs affect business ability, and business abilities can mediate the influence of entrepreneurial characteristics on business success. The real contribution of the results of this study is expected for snack food entrepreneurs in Purworejo Regency during this pandemic to be able to achieve business success, especially about the characteristics and abilities that small entrepreneurs must possess to survive in a pandemic situation like this.

<p><span><em>The purpose of writing this article is to review the development of </em><span><em>agricultural cooperatives based members in the globalization. Given the national </em><span><em>economic developmentof agricultural development a high priority. And in this </em><span><em>agricultural development cooperative strategic role. </em></span></span></span></span><em>Agricultural cooperatives is the largest cooperative in Indonesia, but the </em><em>contribution to the national income is the lowest. Infact, agricultural cooperatives </em><em>(KUD) actually for med from the top (Government/Employers) and not in bottom of </em><em>the community. Agricultural cooperatives lost their identity due to the impact of the </em><em>on going globalization. </em><em>In such conditions, the need for macro policies conducive to the development </em><em>of agricultural cooperatives in Indonesia, a complete under standing of the condition </em><em>of cooperatives, the need for strategic step simprove the internal conditions of the </em><em>cooperative, and the need for network communication and cooperation with the </em><em>stakeholders.</em></p>

<em>This study aims to examine the effect of personal characteristics and job characteristics on organizational commitment of hospital nurses. Employee organiza-tional commitment can be influenced by many factors, including personal charac-teristics and job characteristics. They are the factors form the initial organizational commitment that can affect the ups and downs of employee organizational commitment. The population in this study were hospital nurses in Gombong, Indonesia and the sample of this study was 75 respondents taken by a simple random sampling technique. The data collection technique in this study used a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The main instrument used to obtain data is arranged systematically containing several statements given to respondents who have met the requirements for validity and reliabi-lity. Data analysis used multiple linear regression and the hypothesis testing analysis applied partial significance test. The results showed a positive and significant influence of personal characteristics and job characteristics partially on organizational commit-ment. The implications of the results of this study can be applied in hospitals to build the commitment of nurses through job characteristics and personal characteristics.</em> <em>Further research should use other independent variables outside of this study with a larger number of respondents.</em>

Organizational behavior is a refl ection of the attitudes and behaviors of employees who believed based on the perception of the individual to improve their performance. The purpose of study will describe the infl uence of organization-based self-esteem (OBSE) on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) mediated self effi cacy. The research was quantitative methode and to collect data using instruments measuring instrument adapted from self-effi cacy (Bandura, 1997), OBSE (Pierce, Gardner, Cummings, & Dunham, 1989, 1993 and OCB (Williams & Anderson, 1991

The use of village funds in 2020 is prioritized to finance the implementation of programs and activities in the field of development and empowerment of village communities. In order  for  the  use  of  village  funds  to  be  managed  optimally,  organizational  citizenship behavior  (OCB)  from  the  Village  Apparatus  is  needed  as  the  implementer.  OCB behavior willemerge if Village Apparatus feel the existence of organizational justice and are  satisfied  with  their  work.  This  study  aims  to  examine  the  mediating  role  of  job satisfaction on the effect of organizational justice on OCB. The study population was 94 village apparatus in the Village Government of Padureso District, Kebumen Regency. The sampling technique used census techniques and data analysis using Path Analysis. The  questionnaire  used  was  adopted  from  previous  research  and  its  validity  and reliability were tested. The results showed that there was an indirect influence between organizational  justice  on  OCB,  with  job  satisfaction  as  the  mediating  variable.  The implication  of  this  research  is  that  there  is  a  positive  relationship  between  employees (village apparatus) and the organization if employees feel justice in the organization and job satisfaction