A serious problem in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) is the frequent attachment of a secondary skin infection. Among the microbes colonizing the skin of patients suffering from AD, S. aureus takes the lead. According to different authors, from the skin of 80–95 % of patients are sown Staphylococcus aureus. The survival of bacteria in a biotope is promoted by the persistent properties of microorganisms. Aim of the research: to determine the adhesive properties and antilysozyme activity of clinical strains of staphylococci isolated from the skin of patients with allergic dermatosis. The study included 50 patients with atopic dermatitis and 20 practically healthy individuals, from which 140 laboratory strains of staphylococci were isolated: 101 strains from patients with AD and 39 control strains. Bacteriological studies to isolate microorganisms and determine a number of pathogenic characteristics were carried out using the methods of classical bacteriology. The severity of antilysozyme activity (ALA) and adhesive properties of strains isolated from affected areas of the skin was significantly higher than in cultures isolated from intact skin areas, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The obtained data made it possible to assume a certain complicating role of these factors on the course of AD.

Atopic dermatitis, eczema, allergic dermatitis occupy the main place among dermatoses, where the allergic component is leading in the onset and development of the disease. The most common complication of allergic dermatitis is the attachment of a secondary pyococcus infection, which is associated with a decrease in the antimicrobial resistance of the skin surface. Therapy of infectious lesions is complicated by the increasing resistance of the main pathogens of pyoderma - Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis - to widely used antibiotics. The aim of the research: to determine the phenotypic features of staphylococci extracted from patients with allergic dermatitis to assess their pathogenic potential. Materials and methods. The object of the study was 369 staphylococcus isolates removed from affected and intact skin sections of patients with allergic dermatitis, as well as from representative skin sections of healthy individuals undergoing inpatient treatment at the Department of Dermatology of “Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine”. Biochemical identification and biological properties of staphylococci were determined using methods of classical bacteriology. Results. As a result of the conducted researches, it is established that the complex of phenotypic traits of the removed staphylococcus cultures indicates the presence in the pathogen of factors related to the resistance of the host protection mechanisms and determines the intensity of the alterative action of the infectant in relation to the host organism, the phenotypic manifestation of the studied factors was higher in the staphylococcus isolates removed from the affected skin areas of patients with allergic dermatitis. Conclusions. The level and frequency of phenotypic expression of pathogenicity factors are more pronounced in microorganisms obtained from patients from affected and intact areas compared to controls, which confirms their pathogenetic role in the burden of the disease, which in turn can be used as an auxiliary differential diagnosis criterion.

Today the one of most important medical-social problems is a growing antibiotic resistance of opportunistic infectious agents. Aim of research: the dynamic observance of antibiotic resistance of opportunistic pathogens – infectious agents of genitourinary tracts under conditions of venereological clinic. The study included 2205 patients with inflammatory diseases of genitourinary tract, who were on the stationary treatment at the department of venereology of SI “IDV NAMS of Ukraine”. Bacteriological studies for isolation of conventionally pathogenic microorganisms with determination of sensitivity of separated laboratory strains to antibacterial drugs of the different groups were carried out using the methods of classic bacteriology. It was demonstrated, that the composition of microbiocenosis of genitourinary tract in patients with infections, caused by conventionally pathogenic microorganisms was characterized by the prevalence of aerobic representatives of Enterobacteriaceae and Staphylococcaceae families that formed associations both between each other and with representatives of other taxonomic groups. The analysis of antibiotic sensitivity of separated strains testifies to the necessity of permanent microbiological monitoring of opportunistic infectious agents for elaborations of the regimes of rational antibacterial therapy.

The involvement of complex immune mechanisms in the pathological process in psoriasis actualizes immunological research, since the clinic and course of psoriasis largely depends on the degree of immunological disorders and the imbalance of cytokine regulation of intercellular interactions. The dynamics of these processes during sanogenesis is of some interest. The purpose of the work is to study the cytokine status and its changes in patients with psoriasis depending on the type of treatment. Materials and methods. Cytokine status (IL‑6, IL‑8, IL‑10, IFN-γ and TNF-α levels in blood sera) of 60 patients with psoriasis and 17 practically healthy individuals was determined using immunoenzymatic analysis. Results and discussion. According to the results of the study, a significant imbalance of the indicators of the cytokine status of patients with psoriasis was established, which is difficult to explain by the activation or suppression of any one-cytokine pathway. The obtained data indicate the need to take into account these indicators in the treatment of patients, especially with the use of immunosuppressive agents. Conclusions. When studying the cytokine status of patients with psoriasis before treatment, a significant increase in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL‑6, IL‑8, TNF-α, IFN-γ and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL‑10 by blood cells was found. The use of therapy methods, which in particular contained immunosuppressive drugs, led to a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines and a certain normalization of anti-inflammatory ones. At the same time, a tendency towards a lower effect of GCS on the normalization of cytokine status was noted in comparison with cytostatic drugs in comparison with therapy without immunosuppressive agents.

Резюме Мета роботивикласти принципи і поліпшити антибіотикотерапію піококових інфекцій шкіри і м'яких тканин. Матеріали та методи. У дослідження були включені 52 пацієнти з тяжкими і поширеними дерматозами, які перебували на стаціонарному лікуванні в дерматологічному відділенні ДУ «ІДВ НАМН України». Ідентифікацію аеробних грампозитивних, аеробних грамнегативних ферментуючих і неферментуючих бактерій, виділених з різних ділянок шкіри, проводили за допомогою рутинних методів на підставі морфологічних, культуральних і біохімічних властивостей збудників. Результати та обговорення. У результаті бактеріологічного дослідження було виділено 59 штамів мікроорганізмів від пацієнтів. Домінували мікроорганізми роду Staphylococcus, що обтяжували перебіг дерматозів. З метою підвищення терапевтичної ефективності та нормалізації мікробіоценозу хворих на хронічні дерматози у лікуванні використовували зовнішню терапію, що включала мазь мупіроцину. У результаті використання зазначеної схеми зовнішнього лікування хворих на тяжкі хронічні алергічні дерматози в період загострення відзначено регрес клінічних ознак піококових інфекцій у 94,2% пацієнтів. Клінічну ремісію досягнуто у 28,9% хворих, значне поліпшенняу 53,9%, поліпшенняу 11,4%. Висновки. Вивчено можливості використання топічних антибактеріальних засобів, механізм дії, фармакокінетику і доцільність застосування мупіроцину в практиці лікаря-дерматолога, що дозволяє рекомендувати мупіроцин для лікування пацієнтів із хронічними дерматозами, які тривалий час отримували імуносупресивну терапію. Ключові слова: зовнішня терапія, антибактеріальна терапія, мупіроцин.