Zastosowanie metody participatory action research w diagnozowaniu organizacji pozarządowych * Streszczenie W pracy naukowej badaczy organizacji, jak również w procesie decyzyjnym praktyków zarządzania kluczową rolę odgrywała i odgrywa nadal znajomość instrumentów badawczych składających się na metodologię nauk o zarządzaniu oraz umiejętność ich prawidłowego doboru, a następnie zastosowania. Użycie konkretnej metody badawczej w określonej sytuacji wpływa na jakość wyników badań, wyznaczając tym samym granice poznania eksplorowanej rzeczywistości organizacyjnej.Ważnym zadaniem staje się zatem poddanie naukowej refleksji możliwości zastosowania konkretnej metody badawczej w konkretnych warunkach. Za główny cel opracowania przyjęto prezentację stosunkowo mało znanej w naszym kraju metody participatory action research (PAR) opartej na idei badań kooperatywnych. Aby przybliżyć zarówno możliwości, jak i ograniczenia wykorzystania idei badań kooperatywnych, przedstawiono próbę aplikacji tego podejścia w diagnozowaniu organizacji pozarzą-dowych.Słowa kluczowe: metoda participatory action research, badania kooperatywne, diagnoza organizacji pozarządowych, podejścia badawcze w naukach społecznych.Klasyfikacja JEL: M1, M10, L31.Tomasz Kafel, Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Katedra Metod Organizacji i Zarządza-nia, 31-510 Kraków, ul. Rakowicka 27, e-mail: kafelt@uek.krakow.pl * Artykuł powstał w wyniku realizacji tematu badawczego finansowanego ze środków przyznanych Wydziałowi Zarządzania Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie w ramach dotacji na utrzymanie potencjału badawczego.
Purpose: Strategic management has been developing in business theory and practice for over 50 years. Presently, it constitutes the main area of research interest in management science. The contemporary conditions of business operations create new challenges for strategic management, such as the use of dynamic capabilities in strategy building, relational strategies, networking of organizations, technology development and automation of processes, and global strategies. These challenges are often referred to as neostrategic management. The purpose of this publication is to present the findings of research concerning new strategic management concepts and challenges. Methodology: The main research method of this article was a narrative literature review. On the basis of the research, the development of the concepts as well as contemporary trends and challenges of strategic management were characterized. There is also a synthesis of the problems and research results presented in the articles in this special issue of JEMI. Findings: Various schools and approaches to strategy formulation have been created. They indicate different factors that allow for success in strategic management such as: setting long-term goals, selection of programs and their execution plans (planning school); connection of the enterprise with the environment (evolutionary school); focusing attention on competitive advantage and achieved performance (position-based school); focus on one’s own resources and competences (resource school); use of opportunities and creating innovation (simple rules school); selection of the best option and orientation in business management (real options school); or eclectic perspectives, integrating the listed approaches. The strategic management concept has two dimensions. The first dimension is related to the emergence of subsequent, new strategic management concepts, which often hark back to the previous schools and approaches. The second dimension of development applies to operationalization and adjustment of the previous concepts to the changing conditions. Implications for theory and practice: The paper characterizes the research results presented in the articles included in this JEMI issue. They deal with various problems and challenges in the field of strategic management, such as the relationship between market dynamics, market orientation and performance of enterprises; the innovativeness of companies as a contemporary strategic orientation of companies; the strategy implementation and the management of the organization change; problems of strategic management of the development of the city. Originality and value: The problems presented in the study relate to challenges and new concepts in strategic management. They enrich the existing knowledge on the development of strategic management, and also create inspiration for further research in this area.
The aim of this study is twofold. First, this study develops a model of an organization's digital maturity that is adjusted to public sector organization. Second, based on the proposed model, digital maturity of several types of public sector organizations is diagnosed. The proposed model includes six dimensions, namely, digitalization-focused management, openness to stakeholders' (partners') needs, digital competencies of employees, digitalization of processes, digital technologies, and e-innovativeness. This model was tested on a sample of 136 public sector organizations operating in Malopolska Region in Poland. The results indicate that, among the six dimensions of digital maturity, the use of digital technologies and digitalization-focused management scored the highest (equivalent to a high and moderate degree of digital maturity). Employees’ digital competencies also represent a moderate level of digital maturity (but still significantly lower). The remaining dimensions, namely, e-innovativeness, digitalization of processes, and openness to stakeholders’ needs, represent a low level of digital maturity. The results show that the examined types of public sector organizations differ in terms of digital maturity. The observed characteristics regarding digital maturity are sufficient to indicate the direction of future development for each type of organization. The proposed model can be used for the diagnosis of digital maturity on the level of a single organization as well.
Digital solutions are implemented in all types of organizations, including public administration. The implementation of digital solutions requires the development of relevant skills and competences of employees. The aim of this chapter is to assess managerial practices related to the digital competences of employees of public organizations and their association with the efficiency of human resource management (HRM). We based on a literature review that focuses on the area of competences, digitalization, and public administration. Digital competences as a key success factor of the digital economy were described. We survey 142 public organizations regarding the role of digital competences in the HRM process. As a result, this study indicates that the inclusion of
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