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BACKGROUND: The normoglycemic patients with diabetes risk and prediabetes have insulin resistance and consequently endothelial dysfunction that possible causes macroangiopathy and adverse cardiovascular events and further mortality of it. An early diabetes risk identification using not only prognostic scales but also biomarkers is starting and crucial point of struggle with 2 type diabetes mellitus and its complications. AIM: The aim of the study is to estimate the impact of FABP4 biomarker on diabetes risk and cardiovascular events. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted simultaneously among 389 respondents aged 18–65 years. We provided survey and clinical examinations. The risk of diabetes was assessed using the FINDRISC scale and cardiovascular risk (CVR) was assessed using SCORE scale. The serum FABP4 biomarker was studied using a multiplex assay, immunofluorescence using XMap technology, a Bioplex 3D instrument, and a MILLIPLEX® Human cardiovascular disease panel I reagent kit(Millipore). Results were considered statistically significant at p < 0.001. RESULTS: The group of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) high risk was 79 (20%) of all study participants. The level of the FABP4 marker significantly prevailed in high-risk group of T2DM and high CVR was also established this group. We found a positive direct average correlation(r = 0.59; p = 0.000) between FABP4 and FINDRISC scale. The logistic regression analysis indicated that the level of the FABP4 marker increases withing the increased risk of T2DM. The correlation between FABP4 concentration and CVR according to the SCORE scale (r = 0.24; p = 0,000) was lower than between FABP4 and diabetes risk. Risk factors were established affecting on the increasing CVR by SCORE scale in patients with T2DM risk. CONCLUSIONS: The level of FABP4 significantly prevailed in the group of diabetes and cardiovascular risk (CVR). The established correlations between FABP4 level and CVR or T2DM risk indicate on its increase in groups with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes and a high CVR.

Aim. To study epidemiological aspects of disease, class of diseases of the digestive system in the region of the relative risk in Kazakhstan. Materials and methods. Studied epidemiological parameters are first identified in the incidence and prevalence of class XI ICD in regions of Kazakhstan with the identification of risk relative to the average national level. In a dysfunctional region Kyzylorda region analyzed the performance of its regions and compared with data from medical examination of the population and the survey. Results. A significant excess of the average national incidence rate between 1990 and 2015, was noted for 3 of the 14 regions of Kazakhstan (West-Kazakhstan, Kyzylorda, Mangystau). According to the dynamics of the unfavorable situation on the high level of incidence currently is in the Kyzylorda region (COA). From the areas of the COA maximum, the incidence of diseases of the digestive system registered in Kazalinsk district which exceeded the level at RK 4.8 times. The data on examination and survey of the complaints of the population exceeded the epidemiological indicators. In the area identified as the leading neoplasms of the digestive system in the structure of cancer incidence and exceeded the national average on the related class of blood diseases. Unfavorable situation on the incidence of the digestive system in Kyzylorda region of Kazakhstan is associated with the cancer and blood diseases, this is partly due to the presence of pollutants in the environment.

The analysis of the loss of years by YLL (Years of Life Lost) from the mortality of the population in the age and sex aspect of nosology class of diseases of the circulatory system in industrial regions of East Kazakhstan and Karaganda regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK). In the dynamics for 2011–2014, a decrease in mortality was established, which is associated with an increase in the quality of medical care.

Health of Kyzylorda region dwellers is influenced by following negative factors: physical — climate (sharply continental dry hot climate, winds, high solar radiation); chemical — biochemical components in water, soils, ambient air, radiation background; anthropogenic — overregulated river-bed of Syrdaria, insiccation of Aral sea, oil extraction, uranium ores extraction, etc.Findings are that the maximal respiratory diseases prevalence is seen in a region neighboring toAral sea. Kyzylorda region used to take 3rd place in the republic for average longstanding mortality with respiratory diseases. High morbidity in Zhalagashsky and Zhanakorgansky districts, high mortality with respiratory diseases in Kazalinsky and Zhanakorgansky districts are seen in regions situated far fromAral sea.