Pesantren as a Basis for Internalization of Pluralistic Values for Preparing a Democratic Citizens in a Diverse Society

Abstract

<p>Indonesia, as a pluralistic country, has potentialities of conflict at anytime as frequent violence has happened in Indonesia. Therefore, pluralism value has to be early introduced to the students in order to make them accustomed to a democratic attitude, and in turn, able to live in the diverse society harmoniously. Education has an important role to instill pluralism and tolerance values to students. It is a strategic way to socialize the values of tolerance, moderation, respect, and empathy, and to develop an attitude for learners in responding to the pluralism. This study will qualitatively discuss the role of <em>pesantren</em> in internalizing pluralism values to students in responding to a diverse society. It focuses on how the curriculum is constructed, instruction is done for the sake of creating a school culture for holding education that addresses pluralistic values. This study shows that pesantren with a pluralism based religious education is an effective basis for internalizing the values of pluralism to perform tolerance and inclusiveness to prepare the students to live in a pluralistic or diverse society.</p><p>Indonesia, sebagai negara majemuk, memiliki potensi konflik yang bisa terjadi sewaktu-waktu dan hal ini bisa berujung pada kekerasan. Oleh karena itu, nilai pluralisme harus diperkenalkan lebih awal kepada siswa agar membuat mereka terbiasa dengan sikap demokratis, dan pada gilirannya, mampu hidup secara harmonis dalam masyarakat yang beragam. Pendidikan memiliki peran penting untuk menanamkan nilai pluralisme dan toleransi kepada siswa. Pendidikan merupakan media strategis untuk mensosialisasikan nilai toleransi, moderasi, rasa hormat, dan empati, dan untuk mengembangkan sikap bagi peserta didik dalam menanggapi pluralisme. Studi kualitatif ini akan membahas peran pesantren dalam menginternalisasikan nilai pluralisme kepada siswa dalam menanggapi masyarakat yang beragam. Studi difokuskan pada bagaimana kurikulum dibangun, pembelajaran dilakukan untuk menciptakan budaya sekolah dalam menyelenggarakan pendidikan yang membahas nilai-nilai pluralistik. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa pesantren dengan pendidikan agama berbasis pluralisme merupakan dasar yang efektif untuk menginternalisasikan nilai-nilai pluralisme untuk memiliki sikap toleransi dan inklusivitas untuk mempersiapkan siswa hidup dalam masyarakat majemuk.</p>

Shaping the Santri’s Inclusive Attitudes through Learning in Pesantren: A Case Study of Pesantren Al-Anwar Sarang Rembang Indonesia

“…The extreme, exclusive, and radical attitudes that occur in pesantren are caused by several things, namely the figure of Kyai (preacher) as a role model, the curriculum taught in it, and the learning methods implemented in it. On the other hand, the inclusiveness as an attitude and openmindedness, respecting differences of opinion, thought, ethnicity, religion is the attitude that must always be encouraged by the educational institutions, including pesantren which historically has played a role as an institution that instills the noble values into society (Rohman, 2017;Lukens-Bull, 2008). In this context, the curriculum as an essential element in the pesantren learning process needs to be constructed appropriately.…”

“…Due to several extremist actors who turned out to be pesantren graduates, the indication of pesantren being attached to a nest of extremism becomes stronger. Even there have been several studies showing that pesantren is a seedbed for the values of friendliness, openness, tolerance (Amin et al, 2019;Huda, 2018;Ma'arif, 2019;Ma'mun, 2020;Marzuki et al, 2020;Noorhayati, 2017;Nuryatno, 2011;Selvia, 2019;Rohman, 2017). However, pesantren is still stigmatized as a breeding place for extremist, radical groups of Islam followers.…”

Integration of Technology in Learning Activities: E-Module on Islamic Religious Education Learning for Vocational High School Students

“…One of the subjects that can be used as a pillar to maintain and convey the values of tolerance is the subject of Islamic Religious Education (Rohman, 2017;Saputro, 2020). Religious Education Subjects are conscious and planned efforts in preparing students to recognize, understand, appreciate, and believe in the teachings of the Islamic religion, accompanied by guidance to respect adherents of other religions about interreligious harmony so that national unity and unity are realized (Dute, 2017;Nata, 2020).…”

Strategy of Integrated Salaf Curriculum in Madrasah Aliyah to Improve the Graduates’ Quality

“…Thus, the school's curriculum can develop well. Additionally, curriculum development applies not only to public schools but also to Islamic Boarding Schools (Mutasar et al, 2019;Rohman, 2017). Primary and secondary education curriculum must consist of subjects of Religion, Civics, Languages, Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Social Sciences, Art and Culture, Health and Physical Education, and Local Contents.…”