Uji fitokimia kualitatif menunjukkan biji kelengkeng mengandung senyawa bioaktif flavonoid, glikosida, saponin dan tanin, sehingga berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Sedangkan nanokitosan, selain memiliki aktivitas antibakteri, dapat juga dijadikan penghantar obat-obatan dan ekstrak tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan perbedaan efektivitas campuran nanokitosan 1% dengan ekstrak biji kelengkeng konsentrasi 80%, 60%, 40% dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Pembuatan ekstrak biji kelengkeng dilakukan dengan metode maserasi dan dibuat dalam konsentrasi 80%, 60%, 40%. Adapun nanokitosan 1% dibuat dengan metode gelasi ionik. Kedua bahan tersebut dicampurkan dengan perbandingan 1:1. Uji antibakteri terhadap campuran ekstrak dan nanokitosan tersebut menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mean daya hambat dari campuran konsentrasi 80% adalah 9.38 mm; konsentrasi 60% (8,47 mm) dan konsentrasi 40% (7,10 mm). Uji statistik one way ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa campuran yang paling efektif dalam menghambat Staphylococcus aureus terlihat pada konsentrasi 80% dibandingkan konsentrasi 60% maupun 40%, dimana p=0.000 (p<0.05). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pertambahan konsentrasi ekstrak biji kelengkeng meningkatkan daya hambat terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Hal ini disebabkan oleh adanya peningkatan jumlah kandungan senyawa aktif dari ekstrak biji kelengkeng seiring dengan pertambahan konsentrasi sehingga meningkatkan efektivitasnya dalam merusak sel Staphylococcus aureus.
Kulit Kelengkeng (Dimocarpus longan Lour) mengandung senyawa flavonoid, glikosida, saponin dan tannin, sehingga memiliki kapasitas antibakteri.Nanokitosan 1% yang dicampurkan ke dalam ekstrak tumbuhan mampu meningkatkan daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri di rongga mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas ekstrak kulit kelengkeng (Dimocarpus longan Lour) yang ditambahkan nanokitosan 1% dalam menghambat Streptococcusmutans pada berbagai konsentrasi, yaitu 40%, 60% dan 80%. Pembuatan ekstrak kulitkelengkeng dilakukan dengan metode maserasi dan dibuat dengan konsentrasi 40%, 60% dan 80%. Sedangkan nanokitosan 1% dibuat dengan metode gelas ionik. Kedua bahan dicampur dalam rasio 1:1, dan diuji efektivitas daya hambatnya dengan metode difusi cakram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai mean dan standar deviasi ekstrak kulit kelengkeng pada konsentrasi 40%, 60% dan 80% dengan nanokitosan 1% adalah 6,86 ± 0,471 mm; 7,62 ± 0,533 mm dan 8,53 ± 0,395 mm. Daya hambat dengan diameter >7 mm menunjukkan antibakteri kekuatan sedang. Uji Shapiro-Wilk membuktikan bahwa data terdistribusi normal. Hasil analisis statistik dengan one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) menunjukkan ekstrak kulit kelengkeng (Dimocarpus longan Lour) dicampurkan dengan nanokitosan 1% paling efektif dalam menghambat Streptococcus mutans pada konsentrasi 80%, di mana p = 0,000 (0<0,05). Hal ini disebabkan adanya peningkatan konsentrasi senyawa fitokimia
Streptococcus mutans is a type of bacterium that initiates plaque formation on the tooth surface causing tooth decay, meanwhile, Staphylococcus aureus causes pyogenic infections such as abscesses to necrosis. Green betel leaf (Piper betle L.) contains secondary meta-bolites that have the potential as antibacterial. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of green betel leaf extract (Piper betle L.) in micro and nano sizes against Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus. This was an experimental and laboratory study with a post-test-only design. The results showed that nano-green betel leaf extracts had antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus. Green betel leaf extract had a much larger inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus rather than against Streptococcus mutans in all groups (p<0.05), with inhibitory diameters of 13,883±1.1496 mm (micro 10%), 16,767± 1.8779 mm (micro 30%), and 18.667±3.148 mm (nano), respectively. A stable increase in antibacterial activity was derived from micro-green betel leaf extracts (Piper betle L.) concentrations of 10%, 30%, and nanoparticle size. In conclusion, nano-green betel leaf extract (Piper betle L.) showed better antibacterial effectiveness than micro-sizes in inhibiting Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.Keywords: Piper betle L.; nanoparticles; antibacterial; Streptococcus mutans; Staphylococcus aureus
Tooth extraction will cause a wound in the form of alveolar bone that opens in the oral cavity. Mangosteen peel has various pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial. The goal of this study was to find out the effectiveness of Mangosteen Peel Ethanol Extract (Garcinia mangostana L.) 45% with 90% in speeding up the healing time of post-tooth extraction wounds in Wistar rats. This type of research is an experimental laboratory with a post-test pattern only control group design. Conducted at the Laboratory of Pharmacology & Laboratory of Traditional Medicine Faculty of Pharmacy, University of North Sumatra January-March 2021. The animal is a male Wistar rat of 32 who is physically healthy. The size of the sample is determined by Federer's formula, the minimum sample size for each treatment is 16 rats. The results of the study that there is a significant relationship between the amount of fibroblast tissue per field of view in Wistar Rats after tooth extraction with the administration of mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana L.) with a concentration of 45% and mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana L.) concentration 90%, p = 0.036 (p<0.05). Mangosteen skin extract (Garcinia mangostana L.) is 45% and 90% effective in speeding up wound healing time after extraction of rat teeth Wistar. Mangosteen skin extract (Garcinia mangostana L.) is 90% more effective than turmeric extract (Curcuma longa) 45% in speeding up wound healing time post-extraction of rat teeth Wistar due to the flavonoid content in mangosteen skin extract (Garcinia mangostana L.) 90% which helps accelerate wound healing higher than skin extract Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) 45%.
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