The main aim of this report is to identify and describe the idea of digital leadership. For the study, the effects of digital leaders' traits and experience on the digitalization process will be examined. Different multinational and global businesses have been examined to apply the concept of digital leadership to their businesses. In this paper, with the goal of an organizational literature review, we analyze the concept of digital leadership. The paper seeks to identify the digital leadership concept; to analyze these abilities and their impacts deeply in the new digital age. As a result of detailed literature research, digitalization and technological developments lead businesses to transform organizational structures, processes, business models, and strategies. Digital leadership is crucial for organizations to survive in the new digital era by adapting and transforming business strategies. To accomplish business objectives and successfully drive the digital business transformation, digital leaders use and enhance the company's digital assets. Digital leaders have different abilities and perspectives compared to traditional leaders. However, many organizations do not understand digital leaders' value, leading to poor performance and unrecoverable failures. This research paper demonstrates a strong link between digital leadership and corporate success and productivity, following the analysis and clarification of the digital leadership concept generated in the modern age and the review of variable business strategies and positioning of the leadership concept in different sectors.

The study aimed to analyze 4Cs (Critical thinking, Creativity, Communication, and Collaboration) 21st Century Skills which were based on the student’s school environment different from concepts of science. Types of quantitative research with data collection methods in the form of observations, tests, questionnaires, and documentation. Based on comparative t-test analysis results in significant no differences in critical thinking (C1), that creativity (C2) and Communication (C3) highers than middle and rural areas, while teamwork and collaboration (C4) Rural area students are higher than the urban and middle area. This shows the culture of the surrounding environment that affects students’ 4c skills. Interestingly, the lifestyle patterns of the Rural Area and Urban Area greatly affect student collaboration in the learning process. the habit of mutual assistance, scolding greetings, and getting to know each other is more entrenched in the Rural Area.

The tourism sector is one of the sectors capable of increasing employment and economic growth. Currently, halal tourism is starting to be in great demand. This is in line with the increase in Muslim tourists from year to year. The development of halal tourism has begun to be carried out by various countries, both Muslim and non-Muslim countries. Indonesia as a multi-cultural and multi-ethnic country, of course, there are new problems that continue to surface where the law is not found either in the Quran or the Hadith, such as the emergence of the phenomenon of public demand for halal tourism in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to describe halal tourism in Indonesia in terms of the Indonesian Council of Ulama fatwa and the government regulation. This research is a conceptual review that uses literature research methods sourced from authoritative journals, books, and documents and is still relevant to the study of halal tourism. The results showed that a large number of public requests for halal tourism visits in Indonesia in the need for normative and positive regulation regulates. the only difference is in the use of the term "sharia tourism" in the fatwa while the content in the regional regulation uses the term "halal tourism".

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PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the effect of citizens' uncivil behaviours on the turnover intention of public service personnel. It tested the moderated mediation role of job insecurity and workplace incivility. The conservation of resource (COR) theory was employed to explain the public service personnel's reactions to resource loss threats and the desire to conserve the remaining resources.Design/methodology/approachA longitudinal quantitative study design was used with a moderated mediation regression technique. Data were collected from 235 full-time public service personnel from five Indonesian public service organizations. The organizations included higher education, regional government institutions, and health, tourism, and transportation departments. All measures were valid and reliable for study purposes.FindingsThe citizen incivility's effect on turnover intention was mediated by job insecurity and moderated by workplace incivility. Citizen incivility positively influenced job insecurity only under high workplace incivility. Therefore, citizens' uncivil behaviours could not increase public service personnel's job insecurity and turnover intention without high workplace incivility.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature on citizens' incivility as a source of social stressors in Indonesian public organizations. The findings showed that citizens' hostile behaviours impact public employees' job insecurity only through workplace incivility.